In learning well-nigh the eukaryotic cell, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids together with nucleic acids were mentioned. What are these? Well, the next topics volition clarify that.
Only 25 of the xc natural elements (periodic table) are essential for life. We telephone telephone these biogenic elements.
Only 25 of the xc natural elements (periodic table) are essential for life. We telephone telephone these biogenic elements.
They tin hold out divided into ii groups: macroelements (need lots) together with microelements (needed inwards minor quantities)
Macroelements
O - O2, H2O
C - CO2, organic compounds (lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins)
H - H2O, CH4
northward - amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids
H2O
-the most of import inorganic compound
70-95% of most organisms (98% inwards jellyfish, well-nigh 70% inwards humans)
Image from www.brooklyn.cuny.edu/bc/ahp/SDgraphics/PSgraphics/SD.PS.LG.Water.html
- from the molecular construction y'all tin meet that H2O is a dipolar molecule amongst electron sharing
-hydrogen bond: attraction of reverse charges, weak bond, H goal attracts O goal of some other H2O or an anion
-very of import inwards asset large molecules together, eg. proteins, DNA, etc
Properties:
1. Excellent solvent - H2O attracts ions together with surrounds them, split ionic bond (dissociation) together with prevents reassociation past times creating hydrate shells (vizburok) only about them, thence they dissolve. eg. NaCl. It likewise works for polar molecular substances eg. sucrose. H2O can't dissolve apolar substances
2.Thermal properties: High thermal capacity (fajhő) - this is the sum of oestrus needed to enhance the temperature of 1g past times 1 bird Celsius. Water has a high boiling betoken (liquid at ambient temperature together with pressure)
3. Surface tension (force that causes surface to contract to occupy the to the lowest degree possible area): Highest of whatever liquid except mercury, thence H2O is pulled into spherical shapes together with it creates a surface film, which supports insects, creates a habitat together with causes capillarity (cohesion together with adhesion) inwards plants' xylem.
4. Freezing properties: At temperatures LESS than 4C, book is high together with density is low, thence H2O ice floats - this protects organisms that alive inwards water. At 4C H2O is densest together with collects at the bottom. Ice is a thermoinsulator.
Macroelements
O - O2, H2O
C - CO2, organic compounds (lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins)
H - H2O, CH4
northward - amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids
H2O
-the most of import inorganic compound
70-95% of most organisms (98% inwards jellyfish, well-nigh 70% inwards humans)
- from the molecular construction y'all tin meet that H2O is a dipolar molecule amongst electron sharing
-hydrogen bond: attraction of reverse charges, weak bond, H goal attracts O goal of some other H2O or an anion
-very of import inwards asset large molecules together, eg. proteins, DNA, etc
Properties:
1. Excellent solvent - H2O attracts ions together with surrounds them, split ionic bond (dissociation) together with prevents reassociation past times creating hydrate shells (vizburok) only about them, thence they dissolve. eg. NaCl. It likewise works for polar molecular substances eg. sucrose. H2O can't dissolve apolar substances
2.Thermal properties: High thermal capacity (fajhő) - this is the sum of oestrus needed to enhance the temperature of 1g past times 1 bird Celsius. Water has a high boiling betoken (liquid at ambient temperature together with pressure)
3. Surface tension (force that causes surface to contract to occupy the to the lowest degree possible area): Highest of whatever liquid except mercury, thence H2O is pulled into spherical shapes together with it creates a surface film, which supports insects, creates a habitat together with causes capillarity (cohesion together with adhesion) inwards plants' xylem.
4. Freezing properties: At temperatures LESS than 4C, book is high together with density is low, thence H2O ice floats - this protects organisms that alive inwards water. At 4C H2O is densest together with collects at the bottom. Ice is a thermoinsulator.
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